Oil burner nozzle chart & firing rate

Updated 26 Sep 2026

Quick answer

This oil burner nozzle chart lists nozzles by GPH, spray angle and pattern; enter a nozzle's rated GPH and your pump pressure to get the actual firing rate and heat input. Any nozzle change has to match what the burner manufacturer specifies.

Firing rate calculator

Nozzle rated GPH (at 100 psi)

Pump pressure (psi)

Actual firing rate = rated GPH × the square root of (pressure ÷ 100). Heat input uses 138,500 BTU per gallon for No. 2 oil. Raising pump pressure raises the firing rate, but only change it to a value the burner manufacturer allows.

Firing rate by pump pressure (actual GPH) v0.1 Last verified 2026-09-25

Rated GPH	BTU/hr at 100 psi	100 psi	110 psi	120 psi	130 psi	140 psi	150 psi	160 psi	170 psi	180 psi	190 psi	200 psi	210 psi	220 psi	230 psi	240 psi	250 psi	260 psi	270 psi	280 psi	290 psi	300 psi
0.40	55,400	0.40	0.42	0.44	0.46	0.47	0.49	0.51	0.52	0.54	0.55	0.57	0.58	0.59	0.61	0.62	0.63	0.64	0.66	0.67	0.68	0.69
0.50	69,250	0.50	0.52	0.55	0.57	0.59	0.61	0.63	0.65	0.67	0.69	0.71	0.72	0.74	0.76	0.77	0.79	0.81	0.82	0.84	0.85	0.87
0.60	83,100	0.60	0.63	0.66	0.68	0.71	0.73	0.76	0.78	0.80	0.83	0.85	0.87	0.89	0.91	0.93	0.95	0.97	0.99	1.00	1.02	1.04
0.65	90,025	0.65	0.68	0.71	0.74	0.77	0.80	0.82	0.85	0.87	0.90	0.92	0.94	0.96	0.99	1.01	1.03	1.05	1.07	1.09	1.11	1.13
0.75	103,875	0.75	0.79	0.82	0.86	0.89	0.92	0.95	0.98	1.01	1.03	1.06	1.09	1.11	1.14	1.16	1.19	1.21	1.23	1.25	1.28	1.30
0.85	117,725	0.85	0.89	0.93	0.97	1.01	1.04	1.08	1.11	1.14	1.17	1.20	1.23	1.26	1.29	1.32	1.34	1.37	1.40	1.42	1.45	1.47
1.00	138,500	1.00	1.05	1.10	1.14	1.18	1.22	1.26	1.30	1.34	1.38	1.41	1.45	1.48	1.52	1.55	1.58	1.61	1.64	1.67	1.70	1.73
1.10	152,350	1.10	1.15	1.20	1.25	1.30	1.35	1.39	1.43	1.48	1.52	1.56	1.59	1.63	1.67	1.70	1.74	1.77	1.81	1.84	1.87	1.91
1.25	173,125	1.25	1.31	1.37	1.43	1.48	1.53	1.58	1.63	1.68	1.72	1.77	1.81	1.85	1.90	1.94	1.98	2.02	2.05	2.09	2.13	2.17
1.35	186,975	1.35	1.42	1.48	1.54	1.60	1.65	1.71	1.76	1.81	1.86	1.91	1.96	2.00	2.05	2.09	2.13	2.18	2.22	2.26	2.30	2.34
1.50	207,750	1.50	1.57	1.64	1.71	1.77	1.84	1.90	1.96	2.01	2.07	2.12	2.17	2.22	2.27	2.32	2.37	2.42	2.46	2.51	2.55	2.60
1.65	228,525	1.65	1.73	1.81	1.88	1.95	2.02	2.09	2.15	2.21	2.27	2.33	2.39	2.45	2.50	2.56	2.61	2.66	2.71	2.76	2.81	2.86
1.75	242,375	1.75	1.84	1.92	2.00	2.07	2.14	2.21	2.28	2.35	2.41	2.47	2.54	2.60	2.65	2.71	2.77	2.82	2.88	2.93	2.98	3.03
2.00	277,000	2.00	2.10	2.19	2.28	2.37	2.45	2.53	2.61	2.68	2.76	2.83	2.90	2.97	3.03	3.10	3.16	3.22	3.29	3.35	3.41	3.46
2.25	311,625	2.25	2.36	2.46	2.57	2.66	2.76	2.85	2.93	3.02	3.10	3.18	3.26	3.34	3.41	3.49	3.56	3.63	3.70	3.76	3.83	3.90
2.50	346,250	2.50	2.62	2.74	2.85	2.96	3.06	3.16	3.26	3.35	3.45	3.54	3.62	3.71	3.79	3.87	3.95	4.03	4.11	4.18	4.26	4.33
2.75	380,875	2.75	2.88	3.01	3.14	3.25	3.37	3.48	3.59	3.69	3.79	3.89	3.99	4.08	4.17	4.26	4.35	4.43	4.52	4.60	4.68	4.76
3.00	415,500	3.00	3.15	3.29	3.42	3.55	3.67	3.79	3.91	4.02	4.14	4.24	4.35	4.45	4.55	4.65	4.74	4.84	4.93	5.02	5.11	5.20

Source: Computed: actual GPH = rated GPH x sqrt(pressure / 100), the standard orifice-flow relationship (R.W. Beckett / NORA nozzle guidance). Asserted at build time against reference points (1.00 GPH at 140 psi is about 1.18 GPH).

The three numbers on a nozzle

An oil burner nozzle is specified by three things: how much it flows (GPH), the angle of its spray cone, and its spray pattern.

Flow rate (GPH): gallons per hour of No. 2 oil, rated at 100 psi pump pressure. This sets the burner's firing rate.
Spray angle: the cone angle, from about 30 to 90 degrees. Narrow angles suit long fireboxes, wide angles suit short ones; 80 degrees is the most common.
Spray pattern: hollow (A), solid (B), or semi-solid (W). The burner spec calls for a specific one.

For where the nozzle sits in the firing sequence, see how an oil furnace works.

Spray angles

The standard residential angles, narrow to wide:

30°, 45°, 60°, 70°, 80°, 90°. Match the angle to the firebox shape per the burner spec; 80° is the most common default.

Spray patterns

A (Hollow cone): Concentrates oil toward the outer edge of the cone. Common at lower firing rates and in burners specified for a hollow pattern.
B (Solid cone): Distributes oil throughout the cone. Common at higher firing rates and longer fireboxes.
W (Semi-solid (universal)): Between hollow and solid; often sold as a universal replacement, but use it only where the burner spec allows.

Pattern letters vary by maker (these are the common Delavan designations; Hago and Danfoss use their own). When in doubt, replace with the exact part the burner tag or your last nozzle specifies.

Sourcing the nozzle

Some links on this page are affiliate links: as an Amazon Associate this site earns from qualifying purchases, and it may earn from other retail partners, at no extra cost to you. Parts shown are general references, not specific endorsements. Match any part to your unit's make, model, and spec before buying.

Read the stamping on the old nozzle. One marked 1.00 80 A flows 1.00 GPH, sprays an 80 degree cone, and is an A (hollow) pattern: those are the three things to match. If the stamping is worn off, the burner's rating plate or the appliance manual lists the nozzle spec.

The size is the appliance's spec, never a number to grow. The wrong nozzle or pressure makes a sooty, wasteful, or unsafe fire, so match what the manufacturer calls for, and leave the change and the combustion test to a technician.

Search by size

Uses the rated GPH from the calculator above (enter a rated GPH first).

Spray angle Spray pattern

Search Amazon

Check the pattern letter on the listing before you buy: the results match the flow and angle well, and the letter is the weakest match.

Oil burner nozzle

Atomizes the oil into a fine spray for combustion. It is sized by flow rate (GPH), spray angle, and pattern, so the replacement has to match the burner's spec exactly.

Replace it when: Every tune-up, and any time the flame is sooty or smoky or the burner will not light cleanly.

Often replaced at the same visit: pump strainer (in the tune-up kit), oil filter, cad cell

Search Amazon Pro install

The wrench, the electrode gauge, the pressure gauge and the pads a technician brings to change it are on the nozzle change kit page.

The nozzle is a routine wear part on the parts by symptom page, replaced at every tune-up. A worn or wrong nozzle is a common cause of a burner that fires then shuts off or smells and soots.

Pump pressure and nozzle basis by burner: Beckett, Carlin, Riello, and Wayne setup specs. Every part around the nozzle, with OEM part numbers, is on the labeled parts diagram for your burner: Beckett AFG, Carlin EZ-1, Riello 40 F3/F5, or Wayne MSR.

https://oilburnerhelp.com/tools/nozzle-chart/